Industry
↳ Revenue is preferred when margins are thin or PBT is volatile.
Benchmark
Performance Materiality
Reduces the probability that uncorrected misstatements exceed overall materiality.
Clearly Trivial
Misstatements below this need not be accumulated unless qualitatively material.
ISA 320 Decision Tree
One-page visual guide for benchmark selection — plus one practical audit insight per week.
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Benchmark Guidance
Retail and consumer companies typically operate on thin margins with high transaction volumes. Using PBT as a benchmark can result in materiality levels that are either unreasonably low (in lean years) or inappropriately high relative to the volume of transactions processed. Revenue provides a more stable base that better reflects the scale of operations.
Choosing the Right Benchmark
Revenue at 0.5–1% is the standard range for retail entities. The lower end is appropriate for large retailers where even small percentage misstatements represent significant absolute amounts. For smaller retailers with healthier margins, PBT at 5% remains a viable alternative.
Key Audit Considerations
Inventory shrinkage and valuation (particularly for perishable goods or fashion with markdown risk) may warrant lower specific materiality.
Revenue recognition for loyalty programmes, gift cards, and returns provisions can be complex under IFRS 15.
Lease accounting under IFRS 16 is significant for retailers with extensive store networks — right-of-use assets and lease liabilities can materially affect the balance sheet.
Seasonal fluctuations mean the timing of year-end relative to peak trading periods affects the audit approach and potentially the benchmark amount used.
ISA 320.10 — Determine materiality for the financial statements as a whole when establishing the overall audit strategy.
ISA 320.11 — Determine performance materiality for assessing risks and determining further audit procedures.
ISA 320.A4 — Common benchmarks: PBT, revenue, gross profit, total expenses, total equity, or net asset value.