Industry
↳ PBT is standard for manufacturing entities with stable earnings.
Benchmark
Performance Materiality
Reduces the probability that uncorrected misstatements exceed overall materiality.
Clearly Trivial
Misstatements below this need not be accumulated unless qualitatively material.
ISA 320 Decision Tree
One-page visual guide for benchmark selection — plus one practical audit insight per week.
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Benchmark Guidance
Manufacturing entities typically present stable, predictable earnings patterns that make profit before tax the most appropriate benchmark. However, auditors should consider the capital-intensive nature of manufacturing operations and the significance of inventory and fixed asset balances when determining materiality.
Choosing the Right Benchmark
PBT at 5% is the standard starting point for manufacturing companies with established operations. For manufacturers with thin margins (common in commoditised industries), consider whether revenue at 0.5–1% might be more appropriate to avoid an unreasonably high materiality relative to total financial statement activity.
Key Audit Considerations
Inventory valuation is typically the highest-risk area. Consider whether a lower specific materiality is needed for inventory-related assertions, particularly where valuation methods (standard costing, weighted average) introduce estimation uncertainty.
Fixed asset balances are often significant. Evaluate whether capitalisation thresholds and depreciation policies warrant specific materiality considerations.
Revenue recognition for long-term contracts or bill-and-hold arrangements may require separate materiality assessment.
Related party transactions with group entities (transfer pricing) are common in manufacturing and may require lower qualitative materiality thresholds.
ISA 320.10 — Determine materiality for the financial statements as a whole when establishing the overall audit strategy.
ISA 320.11 — Determine performance materiality for assessing risks and determining further audit procedures.
ISA 320.A4 — Common benchmarks: PBT, revenue, gross profit, total expenses, total equity, or net asset value.